A Practical Verification Framework

You cannot verify everything. Scale verification with what is at stake if the output is wrong.

Verify the right things efficiently.

Core principles

  1. Tier 1, Low stakes: personal productivity, internal drafts you will edit, brainstorming, summaries you read yourself. Read for sense against what you know.
  2. Tier 2, Medium stakes: internal decisions, leadership presentations, team communications. Spot-check specific claims, numbers, names, dates.
  3. Tier 3, High stakes: client-facing, regulatory, legal, financial, external publish. Verify all specific claims before use; consider independent sources.
  4. Three questions: What must I verify to be confident? Who is the audience and what standard do they require? Does this sound like me, and should it?

Go deeper: Getting Started: verification

Check yourself

What determines which verification tier you apply to an AI output?

Do this in Copilot

Classify a recent output by tier; run the appropriate verification; note corrections needed.

Paste this into Copilot Chat and work through it before moving on.

Tier 2 spot-check

Review this draft. List every specific factual claim (numbers, dates, names, references). Flag any I should verify independently before sending.

Techniques: Claim spot-check

  • Tier 3: I will use this in a leadership presentation. What are the weakest points and what questions might I get that this does not answer?
Open Copilot

Did you run this in Copilot? Mark complete when you have tried it.

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Studio · 2026